title: Mussel-driven voting system
date: 2025-04-23
toc-depth: 2
format:
stylish-report-pdf:
pdfversion: "2.0"
pdfstandard: [A-4f, UA-2]
pdftestphase: latest
metadata-files:
- _actors.yml
keywords:
- voting
- bioindicator
- Arduino
breaks: false
Abstract
TODO
NOTE TO EDITORS:
TODO notes like this are annotations targeted authors and editors;
they are not intended for inclusion in the final delivery.
Introduction
A system in Poland to monitor water treatment plants
uses mussels as bioindicators
[@FerreiraRodriguez2023].
The system, SYMBIO,
measures once per second the opening level of 8 freshwater mussels
by way of a magnet glued to each mussel
[@Prote2024].
If either half of the mussels close rapidly
or one of them remains closed for longer time,
an alarm is triggered and further laboratory tests are done
[@Nazaruk2016].
This project will implement mechanisms like the polish system.
Detecting stressful mussel behavior
The use of a mussel as biodetector requires distinction
between slow-paced valve gaping change (normal),
paused valve gaping at the closed position (resting or starved)
and rapid valve gaping change (stressed)
[@Miller2022 p. 1097; @Robson2006 p. 1200].
Detecting behavioural change to a rapid gaping pace,
measurements are needed at a much higher sampling rate
than that of the normal gaping pace.
E.g. one mussel with normal gaping pace of about 1 minute
required a sample rate of 5 seconds to detect its normal pace,
and another mussel with normal gaping pace of 3-4 minutes
required a sample rate of 0.5 seconds to detect more rapid cycles
[@Robson2009 p. 195].
Another measurement of both normal and stressed behaviour,
assuming that x-axis is in seconds (not hours as indicated),
similarly shows a need for fast sampling rate
to detect a normal pace of about 1.2 minutes
and a stressed pace faster than the visualized resolution
of about 1 second
[@FerreiraRodriguez2023 fig. 2].
One concrete approach used in @Robson2009 and Robson2010
is to collect data at a sample rate of 0.5 seconds, i.e. 2 hZ,
and convert that into gape angle per second (CHIGA)
to then monitor gape movement instead of gape position.
Copyright and licensing
To encourage collaboration and stimulate a circular gift economy
as introduced by @Mikkelsen2000,
this project is copyleft licensed:
Code parts are licensed
under the GNU Public Licence version 3 or newer,
and non-code parts are licensed
under the Creative Commons crediting share-alike 4.0.
Project Planning
TODO
Analysis and Design
TODO
Description of the Program
The system consists of two parts,
the sensor system on each mussel
and the vote handling system...
TODO
!include Mussel/components.puml
TODO
Library function begin()
!include Mussel/Mussel_begin.puml
Library function read()
!include Mussel/Mussel_read.puml
User Guide
Concrete use of the library in a sketch involves...
TODO
!include Mussel/examples/seconds/seconds.puml
TODO
Testing
TODO
Discussion
TODO
Conclusion
TODO
Bibliography {.appendix}
\begingroup
\raggedright
::: {#refs}
:::
\endgroup
\appendix
Mussel library {.appendix}
Headers
Source code
Example sketch
